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Surveillance by consent should be regarded as analogous to policing by consent. "In Sweden, the use of CCTV in public spaces is nationally regulated; requiring permits for any public operator incl. Swedish Police Authority to install CCTV in spaces allowing access to the general public. In an opinion poll commissioned by Lund University in August 2017, the general public of Sweden were asked to choose one measure that would ensure their need for privacy when subject to CCTV operation in public spaces. 43 percent favored regulation in the form of clear routines for managing, storing and distributing image material generated from surveillance cameras, 39% favored regulation in the form of clear signage informing that camera surveillance in public spaces is present, 2 percent favored regulation in the form of having permits restricting the use of surveillance cameras during certain times of day/week, 10 percent favored regulation in the form of having restrictive policies for issuing permits for surveillance cameras in public spaces. 6 percent were unsure or did not know. A growing branch in CCTV is internet protocol cameras IP cameras. It is estimated that 2014 was the first year that IP cameras outsold analog cameras. IP cameras use the Internet Protocol IP used by most Local Area Networks LANs to transmit video across data networks in digital form. IP can optionally be transmitted across the public internet, allowing users to view their cameras through any internet connection available through a computer or a phone, this is considered remote access. For professional or public infrastructure security applications, IP video is restricted to within a private network or VPN.